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2.??§¤§à§Õ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ ¨C 1956.

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§¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó, §¯.§ª. §°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§í §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§í§ç §å§ã§í§ç§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ö§Ý§Ú §Ó §Ý§Ö§ã§Ñ§ç §£§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§à§Û §¦§Ó§â§à§á§í / §¤§â§Ú§Ò§ß§í§Ö §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ý§Ö§ã§ß§í§ç §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ: §®§Ñ§ä-§Ý§í §Ü§à§à§â§Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û.¨C §®.; §±§Ö§ä§â§à§Ù§Ñ§Ó§à§Õ§ã§Ü: §²§¡§¯, 2000.¨C 317 §ã.

§¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó, §¯.§ª. §³§Þ§à§Ý§ñ§ß§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ü §ã§à§ã§ß§í §à§Ò§í§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó §Ý§Ö§ã§Ñ§ç §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§Ú / §¯.§ª. §¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó, §Á§â§Þ§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§é §£.§¡. // §¤§â§Ú§Ò§ß§í§Ö §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ý§Ö§ã§ß§í§ç §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ. §´§à§Þ 2. §±§à§Õ §â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ü§è§Ú§Ö§Û §£.§¤. §³§ä§à§â§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ü§à, §£.§ª. §¬§â§å§ä§à§Ó§Ñ. §®§à§ã§Ü§Ó§Ñ-§±§Ö§ä§â§à§Ù§Ñ§Ó§à§Õ§ã§Ü: §¬§Ñ§â§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§Û §è§Ö§ß§ä§â §²§¡§¯, 2004. §³. 239¨C255.

§¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó, §¯.§ª. §°§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ý§à§Ó§í§ç §Ý§Ö§ã§à§Ó §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§Ú §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §Ú§ç §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§í§Þ §å§ã§í§ç§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ / §¯.§ª. §¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó, §£.§£.?§³§Ñ§â§ß§Ñ§è§Ü§Ú§Û.¨C §®§ß.: §´§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§ñ, 2001.¨C 180 §ã.

§¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó, §¯.§ª. §©§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§ß§Ñ§ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ñ §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§Ö§ã§Ú§ß§í: §µ§é§Ö§Ò§ß§Ú§Ü §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ý§Ö§ã§à§ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§Ü§å§Þ§à§Ó / §¯.§ª. §¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó, §®.§¥. §¢§í§Ó§ê§Ú§ç.¨C §®.: §­§Ö§ã§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Þ-§ã§ä§î, 1981.¨C 196?§ã.

§¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó §¯.§ª. §±§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§å§Þ §á§à §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§Ö§ã§Ú§ß§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ú §Ý§Ö§ã§ß§à§Þ§å §ä§à§Ó§Ñ§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð: §µ§é§Ö§Ò§ß§à§Ö §á§à§ã§à§Ò§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§å§Ù§à§Ó / §¯.§ª. §¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó, §¿.§¿. §±§Ñ§å§Ý§î, §¦.§³. §²§Ñ§á§ä§å§ß§à§Ó§Ú§é.¨C §®§ß.: §£§í§ê§ï§Û§ê§Ñ§ñ §ê§Ü§à§Ý§Ñ, 1984.¨C 198 §ã.

§¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó §¯.§ª. §­§Ö§ã§ß§Ñ§ñ §æ§Ú§ä§à§á§Ñ§ä§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§ñ. ¨C §®§ß.: 2004.¨C 462 §ã.

§¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó §¯.§ª. §¥§â§Ö§Ó§Ö§ã§Ú§ß§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §Ý§Ö§ã§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§í. §±§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§å§Þ / §¯.§ª.?§¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó, §¿.§¿. §±§Ñ§å§Ý§î. ¨C §®§ß.: 2006.¨C 292 §ã.

§¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó §¯.§ª., §Á§â§Þ§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§é §£.§¡. §­§Ö§ã§ß§Ñ§ñ §æ§Ú§ä§à§á§Ñ§ä§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§ñ. §­§Ñ§Ò§à§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§ß§í§Û §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§å§Þ / §¯.§ª. §¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó,. ¨C §®§ß.: 2005.¨C 448 §ã.

§¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó §¯.§ª. §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §ä§à§Ó§Ñ§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö. §®§ß.: 2010. ¨C 432 §ã.

§©§Ó§ñ§Ô§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §£.§¢. §¤§â§Ú§Ò§ß§í§Ö §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ý§Ö§ã§ß§í§ç §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ (§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý §®§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§à§Ö §å§ã§í§ç§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ñ§ã§Ö§ß§ñ §Ó §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§Ú) / §±§à§Õ §â§Ö§Õ. §£.§ª.?§¬§â§å§ä§à§Ó§Ñ, §£.§¤. §³§ä§à§â§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ü§à. §´§à§Þ 3. §®.; §±§Ö§ä§â§à§Ù§Ñ§Ó§à§Õ§ã§Ü: §¬§Ñ§â§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§Û §è§Ö§ß§ä§â §²§¡§¯, 2012. ¨C 192 §ã.

§¡§ä§Ý§Ñ§ã §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§Ö§Û §Ý§Ö§ã§ß§í§ç §á§à§â§à§Õ §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§Ú. §°.§³. §¤§Ñ§á§Ú§Ö§ß§Ü§à, §¥.§¢.?§¢§Ö§Ý§à§Þ§Ö§ã§ñ§è§Ö§Ó§Ñ, §£.§¢. §©§Ó§ñ§Ô§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó [§Ú §Õ§â.]; §®§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ý§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ô§à §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §²§Ö§ã§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ú §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§î ¨C §®§Ú§ß§ã§Ü: §²§Ö§Õ. §¨§å§â§ß. ?§­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §Ú §à§ç§à§ä§ß§Ú§é§î§Ö §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à?, 2011. ¨C 160 §ã.

?§£§ã§Ö§Ô§à §Ó §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à§Û §ê§Ü§à§Ý§í §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§à:

§Ñ)? §Õ§à§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Ó §ß§Ñ§å§Ü ¨C? 3 ?

§¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó §¯.§ª.(1970)

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??ipars V., Siaredzich M., Belevich V., Bru?evi?a N., Br¨±na L., Ru??is?D.E. Genetic differentiation of Phoma sp. isolates using retrotransposon-based iPBS assays. Environmental and Experimental Biology, 2018. 16: 307¨C314.

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