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§º§Ú§â§à§Ü§à §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à, §é§ä§à 14 §æ§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§Ý§ñ — §ï§ä§à §¥§Ö§ß§î §£§ã§Ö§ç §£§Ý§ð§Ò§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ö§Ô§à §Ö§ë§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä, §¥§Ö§ß§î §³§Ó§ñ§ä§à§Ô§à §£§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ. §¬§Ñ§Ü §Ó§í §Ù§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §Ó §ï§ä§à §Õ§Ö§ß§î §³§Ó§ñ§ä§à§Û §£§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§ä§Ú§ß §Ò§í§Ý §ß§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ö§è §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß, §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §é§Ö§Ô§à §Ó §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ö§ã§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ö§Ô§à §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ (§á§à§Õ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð §á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §Ø§à§á§å, §á§Ñ§â§Õ§à§ß §Ù§Ñ §Þ§à§ð §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§î), §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ï§ä§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§à §Ó §ä§à §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Ü§à§Ö §ã§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §Ò§í§Ý §Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ä §Ô§à§â§ñ§é§Ú§Û §ã§Ó§Ú§ß§Ö§è, §ß§å §Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Ö-§é§ä§à §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Þ§å§Ø§é§Ú§ß §Ò§í§Ý§à §à§ä§â§Ö§Ù§Ñ§ß§à §Ú §ã§Ü§à§â§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§à §Ö§Þ§å §Ø§Ö.
§°, §ã §ä§Ö§ç §á§à§â §ï§ä§à§ä §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ã§ß§í§Û §â§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î §ã §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ú§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ã§Ö§â§Õ§è§Ñ §Ø§Õ§Ö§ä §Ó§ã§ñ §Ø§Ö§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ß§Ñ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ! §ª §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §á§à§Þ§ß§Ú§ä§î §à§Ò §ï§ä§à§Þ §ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ý§à§Þ §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§Ú, §Õ§Ö§Ó§å§ê§Ü§Ú §Ø§Ñ§Ø§Õ§å§ä §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ä§î §â§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §â§à§Ù§à§Ó§í§Ö §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§Ü§Ú §ã §ã§Ö§â§Õ§Ö§é§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ó§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö §Ý§ð§Ò§í§Ö §ã§Ú§Þ§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§Õ§Ñ§â§Ü§Ú-§ß§Ñ§á§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ (§ß§à §Ý§å§é§ê§Ö §Ó§ã§×-§ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú §ß§Ö§ã§Ú§Þ§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö, §Ñ §Ù§à§Ý§à§ä§í§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ò§í §ã§Ö§â§Ö§Ò§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö). §¬§à§â§à§é§Ö, §ï§ä§à§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§ß§Ú§Ü §ß§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Þ §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö §ß§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§å §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å, §Ù§Ñ §Þ§Ú§ß§å§ã§à§Þ, §ß§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Ö, §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ô§à §³§Ó§ñ§ä§à§Ô§à §£§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Þ§å§Ø§é§Ú§ß §à§ä§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ä§à§Ø§Ö.
§£§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ñ-§à§Ò§ì§ñ§ã§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §à§ä§é§Ö§Ô§à §Õ§Ö§Ó§å§ê§Ü§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü §à§ä§é§Ñ§ñ§ß§ß§à §Ó§è§Ö§á§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §ï§ä§à§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§ß§Ú§Ü — §ï§ä§à §Õ§Ö§ß§î §â§Ñ§ã§ã§ä§â§Ö§Ý§Ñ §¹§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§à. §¬§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§ñ, §ã§â§Ñ§Ù§å §ß§Ö§Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§à§é§Ñ§â§à§Ó§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ, §Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ö§Ó§Ú§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§î §ã§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ §á§à§é§ä§Ú §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ — §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§ß§Ö §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§ê§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó§í§Õ§å§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§à§ñ§ä§ß§í§Û §æ§Ö§ß§à§Þ§Ö§ß §±§Ñ§â§Ñ§Õ§à§Ü§ã§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó§í§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§Ò§ì§ñ§ã§ß§Ú§ä§î §Ô§â§å§Ò§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§ã§ä§í§Ü§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §Ó§Ö§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó §Ó §Ö§Ô§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö (§à§ß §Ò§í§Ý 2 §á§à §ã§é§Ö§ä§å §Ü§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ «§Þ§Ñ§ß§î§ñ§Ü§à§Þ» §á§à §ï§ä§à§Þ§å §Õ§Ö§Ý§å, §Ú 4 §à§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ; §å§Ø§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ö§Ô§à §Ñ§â§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§æ§Ú§Ü§ã§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§à §Ö§ë§× §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §á§à§ç§à§Ø§Ú§ç §å§Ò§Ú§Û§ã§ä§Ó, §ß§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §ï§ä§à §¢.§¦§Ý§î§è§Ú§ß §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §Ö§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ú).
§¯§å, §Ñ §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§î §Ò§Ý§Ú§Ø§Ö §Ü §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §ä§Ö§Þ§Ö — §ñ §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §ß§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§ð, §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §ä§å§ä §á§à§ä§Ñ§Û§ß§à§Û §ã§Ú§Þ§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ §ã§Ü§â§í§ä §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §ï§ä§à§Þ, §ß§à §Ó §Õ§Ö§ß§î §Ü§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ú §³§Ó§ñ§ä§à§Ô§à §£§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ú §¹§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§à §á§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ý§Ý§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý §Ù§Ñ§á§å§ë§Ö§ß §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Û §Ó §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û §ï§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§â§à§ß§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§Þ§á§î§ð§ä§Ö§â (§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ, §Ü§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú, ENIAC). §±§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å 14 §Ñ§á§â§Ö§Ý§ñ — §ï§ä§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î §Ü§à§Þ§á§î§ð§ä§Ö§â§ë§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ó §Þ§Ö§â§å §â§Ñ§Õ§à§ã§ä§ß§à §á§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§ß§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§å §Þ§Ú§â§å.
§ª §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §å§Ø§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§ã§× §ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ã§ä§à§ä§å, §ä§à §Ó §ï§ä§à§ä §Õ§Ö§ß§î §Ó §Á§á§à§ß§Ú§Ú §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ð§ä §±§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§ß§Ú§Ü §à§Ò§ß§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Þ§å§Ø§é§Ú§ß, §Ñ §Ó §¤§Ö§â§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú — §¥§Ö§ß§î §á§ã§Ú§ç§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§î§ß§í§ç, §ß§å §Ñ §Ó §³§º§¡ — §ï§ä§à §¥§Ö§ß§î §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§Ñ. §¬§Ñ§Ü §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ñ§Þ §ß§Ö §ß§â§Ñ§Ó§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §ã§â§Ñ§Ù§å §à§Ò§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§ß§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§Ñ§ß§ä§Ñ — §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§å §á§â§à§á§å§ã§ä§Ú§ä§î §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §á§à §â§ð§Þ§à§é§Ü§Ö §Ó §ç§à§â§à§ê§Ö§Û §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Û§ä§Ú, §á§â§Ú§Ü§Ú§ß§å§Ó§ê§Ú§ã§î §ß§Ö§Þ§è§Ö§Þ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §ñ§á§à§ß§è§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ §ç§å§Õ§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§Ö§è.
§Á §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §ß§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§ð, §é§ä§à §Õ§Ñ§â§ñ§ä §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §Ü§à§Þ§á§î§ð§ä§Ö§â§ë§Ú§Ü§å §Ó §ï§ä§à§ä §Õ§Ö§ß§î — §Þ§í§ê§Ú, §æ§Ý§Ö§ê§Ü§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ö§ë§× §é§ä§à-§ä§à, — §ß§à §Ó §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Þ §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ó§í §Ü§à§Þ§á§î§ð§ä§Ö§â§ë§Ú§Ü, §ä§à §Ó§Ñ§Þ §Ó §ï§ä§à§ä §Õ§Ö§ß§î §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à §ä§à§é§ß§à §á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§Õ§Ñ§â§à§Ü, §à §é§Ö§Þ, §Ü§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú, §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ß§Ñ§á§à§Þ§ß§Ú§ä§î §Þ§Ö§Ý§Ü§à§Û §ã§ä§â§à§Ü§à§Û §ß§Ñ §ã§ä§à§á§Ü§Ö §â§à§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§à§Ü, §â§Ñ§ã§ã§í§Ý§Ü§å §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §á§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ§å §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ð §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ø§Ö§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ß§í §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à §Ü§à§Ý§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§Ñ.
