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§³§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ 13§Ñ, §Ñ§å§Õ. 424-4

§¯§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§Ö §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§í: §Ý§Ö§ã§ß§Ñ§ñ §ï§ß§ä§à§Þ§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§ñ; §Ý§Ö§ã§à§Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ñ; ?§Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§Û; §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î ?§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ü §Ó§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ.

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§°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú:?

§µ§é§Ö§Ò§ß§í§Ö §á§à§ã§à§Ò§Ú§ñ, §Þ§à§ß§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§Ú, §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú:

  • §¤§à§â§Ý§Ö§ß§Ü§à §³.§£., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª., §±§Ñ§ß§î§Ü§à §¯.§¡. §µ§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î? §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§Ö§ã§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ü §Ò§Ú§à§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ§Þ. ¨C §®§ß.: §¯§Ñ§å§Ü§Ñ §Ú §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ, 1988. ¨C 190§ã.
  • §¤§à§â§Ý§Ö§ß§Ü§à §³.§£., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª., §­§Ú§ß§ß§Ú§Ü §­.§ª., §Á§â§à§ê§Ö§Ó§Ú§é §®.§ª. §¢§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§Ú §Ú §Ó§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §ß§à§Ó§í§ç §Ó§Ú§Õ§à§Ó §Ü§à§â§Þ§à§Ó§í§ç §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â. ¨C §®§ß.: §¯§Ñ§å§Ü§Ñ §Ú §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ, 1990. ¨C 158§ã.
  • §±§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ö§Ó§Ú§é §­.§³., §²§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ§é §¡.§ª., §¢§å§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §´.§®., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª. [§Ú §Õ§â.]. §²§å§ã§ã§Ü§à-§Ò§Ö§Ý§à§â§å§ã§ã§Ü§à-§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ý§Ö§ã§à§Ò§Ú§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§â§î. §µ§é§Ö§Ò§ß§à-§Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§à§ã§à§Ò§Ú§Ö. ¨C §®§ß.: §¢§¤§´§µ, 2002. ¨C 106§ã.
  • §¤§â§Ú§Ô§à§â§è§Ö§Ó§Ú§é §­.§¯., §±§à§Ý§Ö§ë§å§Ü §À.§®., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª. §°§ã§ß§à§Ó§í §á§Ý§à§Õ§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §µ§é§Ö§Ò§ß§à§Ö §á§à§ã§à§Ò§Ú§Ö. ¨C §®§ß.: §¢§¤§´§µ, 2004. ¨C 89§ã.
  • §®§Ñ§Ü§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü §¯.§¡., §¢§å§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §´.§®., §¢§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§à§Ó §®.§ª., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª., §Á§â§Þ§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§é §£.§¡. §°§ã§ß§à§Ó§í §Õ§Ö§Ü§à§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ñ§Õ§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §µ§é§Ö§Ò§ß§à§Ö §á§à§ã§à§Ò§Ú§Ö. §£ 2§é. §¹.2. §³§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú §ï§Ü§ã§á§Ý§å§Ñ§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Ó §à§Ù§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. ¨C §®§ß.: §£§í§ê§ï§Û§ê§Ñ§ñ §ê§Ü§à§Ý§Ñ, 2010. ¨C 272§ã.
  • §¬§å§ç§ä§Ñ §£.§¯., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª., §³§Ñ§Ù§à§ß§à§Ó §¡.§¡. §¬§à§â§à§Ö§Õ§í §Ö§Ý§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú §Þ§Ö§â§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§Ú§ñ §á§à §â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ú§ç §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. ¨C §®§ß.: §¢§¤§´§µ, 2014. ¨C 230§ã.

§¯§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§Ö §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú:

  • §´§ñ§ê§Ü§Ö§Ó§Ú§é §ª.§¡., §±§å§ß§ä§å§ã §¡.§²., §¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó §¯.§ª., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª., §Á§â§Þ§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§é §£.§¡. §°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§í §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §Ñ§ï§â§à§Ü§à§ã§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ý§Ö§ã§à§á§Ñ§ä§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Þ§à§ß§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ §Ý§Ö§ã§à§Ó §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§Ú / §´§â. §¢§¤§´§µ, §ã§Ö§â.1. §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §ç-§Ó§à. ¨C §®§ß.: §¢§¤§´§µ, 2000. ¨C §£§í§á.8. §³.31-41.
  • §¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó §¯.§ª., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª. §­§Ö§ã§à§á§Ñ§ä§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§å§Ò§â§Ñ§Ó §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§Ú §Ú §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§í §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§ç §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú / §´§â. §¢§¤§´§µ, §ã§Ö§â. 1. §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §ç-§Ó§à. ¨C §®§ß.: §¢§¤§´§µ, 2001. ¨C §£§í§á.9. §³. 11-15.
  • §´§ñ§ê§Ü§Ö§Ó§Ú§é §ª.§¡., §¡§ä§â§à§ë§Ö§ß§Ü§à §°.§¡., §¬§å§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ú§ß §¡.§±., §¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó §¯. §ª., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª. [§Ú §Õ§â.]. §¬§â§Ú§Ù§Ú§ã§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ö§ã§ß§í§ç §ß§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§Ú §Ú §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö§Ó§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Ö§Ô§à §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ú. / §´§â. §¢§¤§´§µ, §ã§Ö§â.. §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §ç-§Ó§à. ¨C §®§ß.: §¢§¤§´§µ, 2002. ¨C §£§í§á. 10. §³. 42-52.
  • §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª., §³§Ñ§Ù§à§ß§à§Ó §¡.§¡. §®§Ö§ä§à§Õ§Ú§Ü§Ñ §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§î§Ö§Ó §Ù§Ú§Þ§ß§Ö§Û §á§ñ§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§è§Ö§Û / §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §Ú §à§ç§à§ä§ß§Ú§é§î§Ö §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à. ¨C ¡í1, 2003. ¨C §³.29-31.
  • §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª., §¬§å§ç§ä§Ñ §£.§ª., §³§Ñ§Ù§à§ß§à§Ó §¡.§¡. §°§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ñ §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ý§à§Ó§é§Ö§Û §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§Ö§ã§Ú§ß§í §Ó §Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ç / §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §Ú §à§ç§à§ä§ß§Ú§é§î§Ö §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à. ¨C ¡í5, 2004. ¨C §³.10-14.
  • §¶§Ö§Õ§à§â§à§Ó §¯.§ª., §¤§â§Ú§Ô§à§â§è§Ö§Ó§Ú§é §­.§¯., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª. [§Ú §Õ§â.]. §²§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ü§Ñ §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ù§í §Ó §Ý§Ö§ã§Ñ§ç §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§Ú / §´§â. §¢§¤§´§µ, §ã§Ö§â. 1. §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à. ¨C §®§ß.: §¢§¤§´§µ,2005. ¨C §£§í§á. 13.§³. 174-176.
  • §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª., §¬§å§ç§ä§Ñ §£.§¯., §³§Ñ§Ù§à§ß§à§Ó §¡.§¡. §°§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ý§Ö§ã§à§ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à ¾º²Êè§Ñ §Ó §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Þ§ß§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§Ó§à§Ý§à§Ó§í§ç §Ó§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û / §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §Ú §à§ç§à§ä§ß§Ú§é§î§Ö §ç-§Ó§à. - ¡í2, 2006. ¨C §³. 22-26.
  • §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª., §¬§à§Ù§Ö§Ý §¡.§£., §¬§â§Ú§Ó§Ú§è§Ü§Ñ§ñ §©.§ª. §¡§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù §Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ú §à§é§Ñ§Ô§à§Ó §á§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§ß§é§Ñ§ã§ä§à§å§ã§í§ç ¨C §Ó§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ý§Ö§ã§ß§í§ç §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â §Ó §²§Ö§ã§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ö §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§î / §´§â. §¢§¤§´§µ, §ã§Ö§â.1 §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §ç-§Ó§à. ¨C §®§ß.: §¢§¤§´§µ,2007 ¨C §£§í§á.15.§³.312-315
  • §¬§å§ç§ä§Ñ §£.§¯., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª. §°§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù §Ý§Ö§ä§Ñ §Ü§à§â§à§Ö§Õ§Ñ-§ä§Ú§á§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ñ / §´§â. §¢§¤§´§µ, §ã§Ö§â.1 §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §ç-§Ó§à. ¨C §®§ß.: §¢§¤§´§µ,2007. ¨C §£§í§á.15.§³.343-348.
  • ?§®§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ §£.§¡., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª., §³§Ñ§Ù§à§ß§à§Ó §¡.§¡. §¡§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù §ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§Ñ§â§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú §Ý§Ö§ã§à§á§Ñ§ä§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§å§Ò§â§Ñ§Ó §¢§Ö§Ý§à§â§å§ã§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §±§à§Ý§Ö§ã§î§ñ / §´§â. §¢§¤§´§µ, §ã§Ö§â.1 §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §ç-§Ó§à. ¨C §®§ß.: §¢§¤§´§µ,2007. ¨C §£§í§á.15. §³. 349-353.
  • §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª., §¬§å§ç§ä§Ñ §£.§¯. §°§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §æ§Ö§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ü§à§â§à§Ö§Õ§Ñ-§ä§Ú§á§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ñ / §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §Ú §à§ç§à§ä§ß§Ú§é§î§Ö §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à. ¨C ¡í11, 2007. ¨C §³ 17-24.
  • §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª., §¬§å§ç§ä§Ñ §£.§¯., §³§Ñ§Ù§à§ß§à§Ó §¡.§¡. §²§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §ã§ß§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ó§â§Ö§Õ§à§ß§à§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§ä§Ó§à§Ý§à§Ó§í§ç §Ó§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó §ç§Ó§à§Û§ß§í§ç §ß§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç / §³§Ò. §ß§Ñ§å§é. §ä§â. §ª§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§ä§Ñ §Ý§Ö§ã§Ñ §¯§¡§¯ §¢ ?§±§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Ý§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ý§Ö§ã§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ?. ¨C §¤§à§Þ§Ö§Ý§î: §ª§­ §¯§¡§¯§¢, 2009. ¨C §£§í§á. 69. §³. 663-674.
  • §³§Ñ§Ù§à§ß§à§Ó §¡.§¡., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª. §¯§à§Ó§í§Ö §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§í §Ü §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§à§é§ß§í§ç §ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§Ñ§â§ß§í§ç §â§å§Ò§à§Ü §Ó §Õ§å§Ò§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ç / §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §Ú §à§ç§à§ä§ß§Ú§é§î§Ö §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à. - ¡í6,2010. ¨C §³.19-26.
  • §¬§à§Ù§Ö§Ý §¡.§£., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª., §¬§â§Ú§Ó§Ú§è§Ü§Ñ§ñ §©.§ª., §²§å§Ü§à§ã§å§Ö§Ó§Ñ §°.§¡. §¥§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ç§â§å§ë§Ñ §Ó §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§Ú / §´§â. §¢§¤§´§µ. §¯§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§Û §Ø§å§â§ß§Ñ§Ý ¡í1 (139). §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à. ¨C §®§ß.: §¢§¤§´§µ, 2011. ¨C §³.239-243.
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  • §­§Ñ§â§Ú§ß§Ú§ß§Ñ §À.§¡., §¢§Ý§Ú§ß§è§à§Ó §¡.§ª., §·§Ó§Ñ§ã§î§Ü§à §¡.§£., §¦§â§Þ§à§ç§Ú§ß §®.§£. §ª§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§ç§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ó§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§Ö§ã§Ú§ß§í §å§ã§í§ç§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ú §ã§å§ç§à§ã§ä§à§Û§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§î§Ö§Ó §Ö§Ý§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û. §´§â. §¢§¤§´§µ. §¯§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§Û §Ø§å§â§ß§Ñ§Ý ¡í1 (165). §­§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ö §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à. ¨C §®§ß.: §¢§¤§´§µ, 2014. ¨C §³. 221-224.